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Formic acid is a highly corrosive and flammable organic acid; proper storage is crucial to its safety and stability.
Formic acid must be stored at a temperature controlled between 15 and 25°C, strictly preventing high-temperature volatilization and low-temperature crystallization. Keep it away from heat sources, fire sources, and direct sunlight. The storage area should be kept dry and equipped with explosion-proof forced ventilation equipment. Corrosion-resistant sealed containers must be used; aluminum, zinc, copper, and other metal containers are prohibited. Double-layer leak-proof packaging is required. Formic acid must be stored separately and isolated, away from strong oxidizers, strong alkalis, cyanides, and kept at least 5 meters away from flammable materials and food.
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Open flames are strictly prohibited in the storage area. Explosion-proof equipment must be used, along with dry powder and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers and combustible gas detectors. Water is strictly prohibited for fire extinguishing. For small leaks, wear acid-resistant protective equipment, absorb with sand, and neutralize with chemicals. For large leaks, immediately evacuate and seal the site, and hand it over to professional handling. Hazard warning signs must be posted daily, and the condition of equipment and containers must be checked regularly. Materials must be handled according to the first-in, first-out principle, and inventory cycles must be strictly controlled. Protective equipment must be worn properly during operations. Skin contact must be washed and neutralized immediately, and medical attention sought as needed. Waste formic acid must be disposed of professionally as hazardous waste; direct discharge into sewers is strictly prohibited.
